デルタ株に対するワクチン接種の効果

 The Delta variant have several mutations to enhance infection, so this variant becomes dominant in the world, which has rationale in the views of natural selection rule. In the United Kingdom, 77% of sequenced virus is Delta variant between June 2 and 9, 2021(2). In Japan and South Korea, it is difficult to control the infection number including Delta variant even in the case that the political measure is implemented. Therefore, broad vaccination as early as possible is needed. However, current vaccine is not specially designed for the Delta variant, so we need to evaluate the efficacy of vaccine like neutralization ability in a comparative manner for the other variants.
Timothée Bruel, Etienne Simon-Lorière, Felix A. Rey, Olivier Schwartz et al. compare the neutralization ability of 2 vaccines (Pfizer, AstraZeneca) against Alpha, Beta and Delta variants(1). The neutralization ability against Delta variants is about 3-fold lower than Alpha variants, but higher than Beta variants having escape mutation E484K in both 2 vaccines(1). Therefore, we need to re-evaluate epidemiological data against Delta variants.
Jamie Lopez Bernal, Nick Andrews, Charlotte Gower et al evaluate the vaccine efficacy against Delta variants. According to this data, the vaccine efficacy (Pfizer, full dose regimen) against Alpha and Delta is about 93.7%, 88.0%, respectively(3). Therefore, some level of association between neutralization ability and prevention against infection can be confirmed.
To evaluate the burden of medical resources, the epidemiological data on the vaccine efficacy against moderate-to-severe symptom in Delta variant needs to be published.
 
(Reference)
(1)
Delphine Planas, David Veyer, Artem Baidaliuk, Isabelle Staropoli, Florence Guivel-Benhassine, Maaran Michael Rajah, Cyril Planchais, Françoise Porrot, Nicolas Robillard, Julien Puech, Matthieu Prot, Floriane Gallais, Pierre Gantner, Aurélie Velay, Julien Le Guen, Najibi Kassis-Chikhani, Dhiaeddine Edriss, Laurent Belec, Aymeric Seve, Laura Courtellemont, Hélène Péré, Laurent Hocqueloux, Samira Fafi-Kremer, Thierry Prazuck, Hugo Mouquet, Timothée Bruel, Etienne Simon-Lorière, Felix A. Rey & Olivier Schwartz
Reduced sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 variant Delta to antibody neutralization
Nature (2021)
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Author information
Author notes
These authors contributed equally: Timothée Bruel, Etienne Simon-Lorière, Felix A. Rey, Olivier Schwartz
Affiliations
Virus & Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France
Delphine Planas, Isabelle Staropoli, Florence Guivel-Benhassine, Maaran Michael Rajah, Françoise Porrot, Timothée Bruel & Olivier Schwartz
Vaccine Research Institute, Creteil, France
Delphine Planas, Timothée Bruel & Olivier Schwartz
INSERM, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors (FunGeST), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université de Paris and Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
David Veyer & Hélène Péré
Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Laboratoire de Virologie, Service de Microbiologie, Paris, France
David Veyer, Nicolas Robillard, Julien Puech, Dhiaeddine Edriss & Laurent Belec
G5 Evolutionary genomics of RNA viruses, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
Artem Baidaliuk, Matthieu Prot & Etienne Simon-Lorière
Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
Maaran Michael Rajah
Laboratory of Humoral Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1222, Paris, France
Cyril Planchais & Hugo Mouquet
CHU de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Virologie, Strasbourg, France
Floriane Gallais, Pierre Gantner, Aurélie Velay & Samira Fafi-Kremer
Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, IRM UMR_S 1109, Strasbourg, France
Floriane Gallais, Pierre Gantner, Aurélie Velay & Samira Fafi-Kremer
Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service de Gériatrie, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
Julien Le Guen
Hôpital européen Georges Pompidou, Unité d’Hygiène Hospitalière, Service de Microbiologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, 75015, France
Najibi Kassis-Chikhani
CHR d’Orléans, service de maladies infectieuses, Orléans, France
Aymeric Seve, Laura Courtellemont, Laurent Hocqueloux & Thierry Prazuck
Structural Virology Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France
Felix A. Rey
(2)
Public Health England. Variants distribution of cases.
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/covid-19-variants-genomically-confirmed-case-numbers/variants-distribution-of-case-data-11-june-2021 (2021).
(3)
Jamie Lopez Bernal, F.F.P.H., Ph.D., Nick Andrews, Ph.D., Charlotte Gower, D.Phil., Eileen Gallagher, Ph.D., Ruth Simmons, Ph.D., Simon Thelwall, Ph.D., Julia Stowe, Ph.D., Elise Tessier, M.Sc., Natalie Groves, M.Sc., Gavin Dabrera, M.B., B.S., F.F.P.H., Richard Myers, Ph.D., Colin N.J. Campbell, M.P.H., F.F.P.H., Gayatri Amirthalingam, M.F.P.H., Matt Edmunds, M.Sc., Maria Zambon, Ph.D., F.R.C.Path., Kevin E. Brown, M.R.C.P., F.R.C.Path., Susan Hopkins, F.R.C.P., F.F.P.H., Meera Chand, M.R.C.P., F.R.C.Path., and Mary Ramsay, M.B., B.S., F.F.P.H.
Effectiveness of Covid-19 Vaccines against the B.1.617.2 (Delta) Variant
The New England Journal of Medicine July 21, 2021
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Author Affiliations
From Public Health England (J.L.B., N.A., C.G., E.G., R.S., S.T., J.S., E.T., N.G., G.D., R.M., C.N.J.C., G.A., M.E., M.Z., K.E.B., S.H., M.C., M.R.), the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Vaccines and Immunisation, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (J.L.B., N.A., C.N.J.C., G.A., K.E.B., M.R.), the NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Respiratory Infections, Imperial College London (J.L.B., M.Z.), and Guy’s and St. Thomas’ Hospital NHS Trust (M.C.), London, and Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Oxford, Oxford (S.H.) — all in the United Kingdom.